Four jackals were recorded by a trail camera in the Herzliya area, as reported by Arieh Paldi. The social structure of jackals is complex and interesting, since it varies throughout the year and between populations from different geographical regions. The basic unit is a pair, often accompanied by pups and young individuals that have not yet established families of their own. Outside the breeding season, which begins in autumn (courtship is observed as early as the beginning of October), there is a tendency to form groups (Shalmon, 1993; Mendelssohn and Yom-Tov, 1987).

Jackal management in Israel is another example of a successful and surprising collaboration (all allegedly) between conservation organizations, academics and authorities, who manage to cooperate in justifying unnecessary harm to the environment and animals.

Golden jackal (Canis aureus). Tel Michal, 16/08/2019. © Arieh Paldi

References
Mendelssohn, H. and Yom-Tov, Y. (1987). The Plants and Animals of the Land of Israel, Volume 7: Mammals. Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel and the Ministry of Defense Publishing House.
Shalmon, B. (1993). A Guide to the Mammals of Israel and Field Signs of Their Presence. Keter Publishing.

Further information and links
The flexible social system of the golden jackal, Canis aureus — abstract
Golden jackal on ADW
The jackals of Yarkon Park — photographs and information about jackals in Yarkon Park
Return of the Wolf God — the Egyptian “jackal”
Golden jackal on the website of the WildIsrael association